• br Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage

  2020-03-18

  

  Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage tolerance Preparing the ground for more DNA damage: adaptive responses through gene induction Conclusions and perspectives Although known for many decades, the relevance of TLS in genome stability is normally considered secondary to mechanisms tha

• Another potential source of variable affinities is inherent

  2020-03-18

  

  Another potential source of variable affinities is inherent in the method of RBA determination. While several reports simply use relative IC50 values as RBAs [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], these are only an approximate measure of relative affinity since IC50 varies due to experimental and biological

• Targeting the MAPK pathway has attracted

  2020-03-18

  

  Targeting the MAPK pathway has attracted significant interest in cancer therapy. Efforts directly targeting RAS protein are believed to be very challenging in spite of the promise shown by a few RAS inhibitors in the early development stage. Clinical benefits achieved by BRAF and MEK inhibitors have

• Although it was shown that IL signaling induces expression

  2020-03-18

  

  Although it was shown that IL-23 signaling induces expression of T17 pathogenic signature genes through activation of STAT3,, transcription factors other than STAT3 are also implicated for induction of pathogenic T17 cells because IL-6, which activates STAT3 similarly to IL-23, cannot induce IL-23R

• The UPR is composed of three

  2020-03-18

  

  The UPR is composed of three different pathways that fall under the control of three respective ER transmembrane proteins: PERK, IRE1α (inositol-requiring enzyme 1α) and ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). As a starting signal for the UPR, misfolded proteins induce the release of GRP78 from th

• The expression of EBI has been found to be

  2020-03-18

  

  The expression of EBI2 has been found to be dysregulated in several types of B cell malignancies and is thus reduced in e.g. diffuse large B-cell lymphomas [12] and chronic lymphocytic leukemia [13] and increased in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) [14]. EBI2 is also highly

• A potential weakness of the present

  2020-03-18

  

  A potential weakness of the present study is that it involved population controls rather than family controls, which are a better way of controlling the effects of population stratification (e.g. ethnic group differences in allele frequencies). On the other hand, general population samples do have t

• Various domains of DDR have been shown to be important

  2020-03-18

  

  Various domains of DDR1 have been shown to be important for receptor clustering and its oligomeric status. It is now understood that (i) dimerization [7] and higher-order oligomerization [12], [18] of the DDR1 extracellular domain (ECD) enhance its binding to collagen; (ii) DDR1 exists as non-covale

• Previous studies have shown the harmful

  2020-03-17

  

  Previous studies have shown the harmful effects of NEFA on ovarian functionality, such as inhibition of bovine granulosa cell survival and proliferation, steroidogenesis, and follicular development and alteration in oocyte development [36,45,46]. Therefore, the higher levels of NEFA found in the fol

• Aliskiren Hemifumarate australia The classification of CK su

  2020-03-17

  

  The classification of CK2 substrates based on active enzyme subunit composition provides a framework for understanding the regulatory function of CK2β subunit. However, few experiments exist that functionally explore such classification [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]; this reflects practic

• Another significant finding in our study was the demonstrati

  2020-03-17

  

  Another significant finding in our study was the demonstration that the axon-protective action associated with CK2 inhibition correlated with preservation of mitochondrial structure and function in igf ir (Fig. 11). Because of the consistent protection conferred by CK2 inhibition during OGD, improv

• Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling

  2020-03-17

  

  Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms that prevent a lasting effect of targeted therapies, as has been demonstrated by the growing number of alternative pathways that confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies [3]. We show here that CSF-1R can, at least partiall

• WRTs AI AI and AI showed the same

  2020-03-17

  

  WRTs AI-82/1, AI-9-1 and AI-60 showed the same ST as was published by Dingle et al. in RTS 103, 013 and 097 (Dingle et al., 2011). WRTs 015 and 002 were assigned as WRTs 015-like and 002-like due to slight changes in their CE-ribotyping profiles; however, the ST of WRT 002-like (ST8) was identical t

• FGF ERK signaling has been implicated in

  2020-03-17

  

  FGF/ERK signaling has been implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in a wide range of tissues (Huh et al., 2015, Klein et al., 2006, Rice et al., 2004, Zhang et al., 2006, El Ramy et al., 2005, Volckaert and Langhe, 2015). During embryonic organogenesis and in adult organs, we often observ

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We

  2020-03-17

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Amaia Lujambio, James Fagin, and Ramon Parsons for providing cell lines and Evripidis Gavathiotis for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to thank Saboor Hekmaty for providing expertise with RNA-seq analysis. P.I.P. would like to ac

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